single.phpに下記を書く
<?php $post = $wp_query->post; if ( in_category('aaa') ) { include(TEMPLATEPATH.'/single_aaa.php'); } elseif ( in_category('bbb') ) { include(TEMPLATEPATH.'/single_bbb.php'); } elseif ( in_category('ccc') ) { include(TEMPLATEPATH.'/single_ccc.php'); } elseif ( in_category('ddd') ) { include(TEMPLATEPATH.'/single_ddd.php'); } else { include(TEMPLATEPATH.'/single_normal.php'); } ?>